Randomized Trial Of Metformin Vs Insulin - 1399 Words

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Author, Title, Year Authors Spaulonci, Bernardes, Trindale, Zugaib, Francisco Title Randomized trial of metformin vs insulin in the management of gestational diabetes Year: 2013 Authors: Kitwitee, Limwattananon, Limwattanon, Waleekachonlert, Ratanachotpanich, Phimphilai, Nguyen, Pongchaiyakul Title Metformin for the treatment of gestational diabetes: An updated meta-analysis Year 2015 Authors: Corbould, Swinton, Radford, Campbell, McBeath, Dennis Title Fasting blood glucose predicts response to extended-release Metformin in gestation diabetes mellitus Year 2012 Authors: Gandhi, Bustani, Madhuvrata, Farrell Title Introduction of metformin for gestational diabetes mellitus in clinical practice: has it had an impact? Year†¦show more content†¦After excluding criteria that failed to meet inclusion criteria, eight studies were included in the final analysis Seventy-one women who had GDM at 24 weeks’ gestation but before 32 weeks using the Australian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society criteria. From May 2008 to April 2009, women with GDM were offered metformin as an alternative to insulin. Inclusion criteria included: diagnosis of GDM between 24-32 weeks of gestation, singleton pregnancy, no pregnancy complications and no documented intolerances from Metformin. 592 women with GDM were enrolled in the study. 299 did not receive metformin while 293 received metformin along with diet and exercise. A total of 200 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. Group A (n=100) was treated with metformin, and group B (n=100) was treated with insulin. Independent and Dependent Variables Dependent Variable: Maternal outcome such as: frequency of preeclampsia, rate of C-section, maternal weight gain Neonatal outcome such as: 1- and 5- minute Apgar score, umbilical cord pH, macrosomnia, neonatal hypoglycemia. Independent Variable: Use of Metformin in the treatment of GDM vs insulin Dependent Variable: Maternal outcome such as: frequency of preeclampsia, rate of C-section, maternal weight gain Neonatal outcome such as: 1- and 5- minute Apgar score, umbilical cord pH, macrosomnia, neonatal hypoglycemia. Independent Variable: Use of Metformin in the treatmentShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Diabetes And The Treatment Of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus921 Words   |  4 PagesReview Article Introduction: Type 1 diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition in which body produces little to no insulin due to autoimmune destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas. Patient with Type 1 diabetes are mainly treated with subcutaneous insulin injection, along with dietary and lifestyle modification. Purpose of this article is to evaluate the role of DPP-4 inhibitors in the treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. DPP-4 inhibitors inhibit the degradationRead MoreContent for Glimepiride + Metformin 1461 Words   |  6 PagesContent for Glimepiride + Metformin Background: The worldwide prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased dramatically in the past 20 years. Insulin resistance occurs early in type 2 disease. This leads to progressive beta cell failure and overt diabetes. Though monotherapy can slow down this process, it does not prevent the progression of the disease. To address, both insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction, combination therapy is required. 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Current therapeutic targets are: fasting blood glucose ≠¤95 mg/dL, 1-hour postprandial 140 mg/dL, and 120 mg/dL for 2-hour postprandial blood glucose concentrations (HernandezRead MoreVitamin B12 And The Diabetes Prevention Program Research1313 Words   |  6 PagesBray, David S. Schade, Marinella G. Temprosa, Neil H. White, Jill P. Crandall, and the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the risks involved in B12 deficiency because of the long-term use of Metformin in diabetes prevention. BACKGROUND Vitamin B12 (also known as Cyanocobalamin and Cobalamin) is one of eight B-vitamins. Commonly, all B-vitamins help in the conversion of carbohydrates to glucose, producing energy. 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Effects of Gun Control Essay example - 1723 Words

It is impossible not to open a newspaper, watch the television, or listen to the radio with out hearing about some type of gun violence. Perhaps the main reason for such high gun violence is that guns are so plentiful in the Unites States. In fact, there are sixty five million handguns in America (The `facts about Guns). These guns contribute to an annual medical cost of fourteen billion dollars, which is spent solely on treating gun victims (Handguns in America). Not surprisingly, handguns are the cause of eighty percent of homicides, seventy percent of suicides, and almost every accidental shooting (Youth and Violence). Handgun violence is a problem that is easy for everyone to see. How to solve this predicament is another†¦show more content†¦This strategy is costly and unfair. Who is to determine how much a person is to be paid for their guns? A method such as this one will not only have an astonishing cost, but it also discriminates. Those who are in favor of o utlawing all handguns assume that everyone misuses or has the aptitude to misuse the gun. For gun collectors, this proposition takes away their hobby. Merchants and people in jobs with high risks of being robbed would also be discriminated against by not allowing the use of handguns as means of protection, which could make them vulnerable. For example, if a gas station cashier is being robbed and the robber plans on killing the cashier, the chances of the police making it to the scene in time to save the cashiers life is very slim. On the other hand, if the cashier had a handgun, then he or she could defend him or herself. For reasons such as this, merchants and people in high risk jobs may defy a law completely outlawing handguns because a handgun could save their life. The idea of completely outlawing handguns does not solve the problem of handgun violence. In fact, this idea would persuade some people to defy the law and keep their gun or guns for safety or for malicious intentions. One in five Americans own a handgun (Guns In America). The chances that all of these people will give up their guns, when they could hide them and likely never get caught, is very slim. The idea of completely outlawing handguns is a tacticShow MoreRelatedGuns And Their Effect On Gun Control962 Words   |  4 PagesGuns and the ability to use them have been under attack in the United States and many other places throughout the World. There are groups of people that believe that as long as we have the right to bear arms that many unprotected people will lose their lives due to gun violence. There are many trends that come with gun violence and where these mass shooting occur, but a main one is that when a place legally prohibits carrying a weapon then that is where the most gun violence happens. 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Human Place In Nature The complete Essays

Question: Describe about the Human Place In Nature for The complete Essays? Answer: Machiavellis The Prince' Machiavellis work, the prince, though has a princely title yet it is a dedication to all the princes to how to rule. Machiavelli has seen in the past how corrupt politics is. Though Machiavelli knows that being truthful and moral is the key factors to success, yet he imparts the idea that cheating and immorality is the key factors to success when it comes to politics. To keep the people under the control of power and to ensure the safety and security of the post, a ruler should indulge in unfair means, should make false promises and lie to the people. In his subtle way, Machiavelli tried to humiliate the corrupted politics sarcastically that he had witnessed in the past (Machiavelli). The main idea of Machiavellian is a person who is clever enough to be in politics. A person who is cunning, have the idea of every nook of politics and can know how to gain opportunity through a proper political act can be called a Machiavellian. A person who does not adhere to the morality of the act and can be identified as a personification of duplicity and bad faith can be called a true Machiavellian (Murty). Tom Ripleys act in the film by Anthony Minghella and the novels by Patricia Highsmith, The Talented Mr. Ripley can be called similar to Machiavellian act. Though Machiavellian acts are purely on political purpose, Ripley ensures success to achieve personal gain through act of deception, ruthlessness and not letting the emotions control the behaviour is a true Machiavellian act ('10 Of Popular Culture's Best Machiavellian Characters'). Montaignes Of Cannibals' The people who looks towards the society from a different cultural viewpoint and do not adhere to the accepted social norms of the society are called avant-garde thinkers or writers. The avant-garde thinkers think differently about the society or certain population in the society from a different cultural viewpoint. They present their theory about certain cultural strata of society in their way, or from a different angle that has already been accepted in the society. Montaigne can be considered as an avant-garde thinker and writer. Montaignes thought regarding the barbarians has been entirely different from what the society thought them about. The barbarians are considered to be a group of people who are uncultured, uneducated and do not belong to the cultured population of the society (De Montaigne, Michel). However, Montaigne presented a different view of the barbarians. According to him, the lifestyle of the barbarian is complex from various angles; however, the barbarians do hold morals that are at par with the civilized Europeans. To explain the topic in a broader way, Montaigne wrote of cannibals to present the viewpoint in a stronger way (Blogs.dickinson.edu). Even today, the society faces cultural differences in Australia regarding the indigenous population in Australia. The indigenous populations are mainly the populations who come to the country as refugees. As they hail from a different country, the civilized population of Australia are not ready to accept them in the society. The indigenous populations are not civilized or amoral but might be different culturally from the main population. Though the government has implemented various policies for the indigenous population, yet it is the duty of the people to help, the people mix with the main population. Shakespearean Sonnets To carry out the work, Shakespearean Sonnet 55 and 56 is chosen for the analysis. The entire 154 sonnets written by Shakespeare have the unique characteristics of possessing 18 lines. The Shakespearean sonnets follow the rhyme scheme iambic pentameter. The unique characteristic of iambic pentameter is that every line of the sonnet has ten syllables. While the syllables are divided into pairs, five pairs are formed, and the pairs are called iambic feet or iambs. The iambs are consists of two syllables where the first syllable is an unstressed syllable while the second syllable is a stressed syllable (MILLER). However, exceptions from the above rule of sonnets can be seen in three sonnets out of 154 sonnets. The sonnets that do not follow the regular criteria are sonnet 99, Sonnet 126 and Sonnet 145. Sonnet 99 and Sonnet 126 have 15 lines and 12 lines respectively while Sonnet 145 does not follow the iambic pentameter rule and the lines follow the tetrameter rule (PoemShape). Figure 1: Sonnet 129 showing the rhyme scheme of the sonnet. Source: https://poemshape.wordpress.com/2009/01/11/what-is-shakespearean-spenserian-amp-petrarchan-sonnets/ For example in the Sonnet 55: Not mar/ ble nor/ the gil/ ded mo/ nu ments In the above scansion, when the words are divided into syllables, it can be seen that the line had five pairs of syllables with a unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. In the sonnet 56 also, a similar division can be seen: Sweet love/ re new/ thy force/ be it/ not said A normal Shakespearean sonnet consists of fourteen lines. The initial 12 lines are divided into three parts that are called the quatrains, and the sonnet ends with two lines at the end which is called a couplet. However, the rhyme scheme of the sonnet follows the pattern, abab cdcd efef in the three initial quatrains and gg in the final couplet. In the initial three quatrains, the poet stresses on the theme of the poem or talks about the problem that the sonnet will discuss (Schoenfeldt). However, the problem or the theme of the sonnet is finally solved in the couplet. In the first three quatrains, the poet expresses his idea and point of view of writing the sonnet, to whom it is directed and why the sonnet is important to the person being referred. Finally in the couplet he resolves the entire viewpoint in the sonnet in two lines. For example in Sonnet 55, Shakespeare ends the sonnet with the lines, So, till the judgment that yourself arise You live in this and dwell in lovers eyes. The word judgment gives an idea that the couplet is closing the entire theme of the sonnet that the sonnet will help to save the beauty of the person through the lines. In Sonnet 56 as well, the poet compares the interval with the winter and finally prefers to wait till the summer arrives and the thing again turn beautiful and colorful. References '10 Of Popular Culture's Best Machiavellian Characters'. BBC NEWS 2015. Web. 2 Sept. 2015. Blogs.dickinson.edu,. 'Montaigne Human Place In Nature 2014'. N.p., 2015. Web. 2 Sept. 2015. De Montaigne, Michel. "Of cannibals."The complete essays152 (1958). Machiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince. Chichester, West Sussex: Capstone Pub., 2010. Print. MILLER, STUART. Shakepeare Sonnet, All 154, Reimaginedthrough A New York Lens. 1st ed. 2015. Web. 2 Sept. 2015. Murty, GRK. Leaders Ethical Dilemmas: ShakespeareS Analysis: A Lesson For TodayS Business Leaders. 1st ed. 2015. Web. 2 Sept. 2015. PoemShape,. 'Shakespearean, Spenserian, Petrarchan Sonnets'. N.p., 2009. Web. 2 Sept. 2015. Schoenfeldt, Michael Carl. A Companion To Shakespeare's Sonnets. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. Print.